Essay on The Politics of Minimum Wage - 5055 Words

The federally mandated minimum wage has been a divisive political issue in American politics since it first came into effect in 1938 under the Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt. FDR advocated for the minimum wage with the argument that â€Å"all but the hopelessly reactionary will agree that to conserve our primary resources of manpower, government must have some control over maximum hours, minimum wages, the evil of child labor, and the exploitation of unorganized labor† (Greene 2013). This idea led to the passage of the first minimum wage law in American history, twenty five cents an hour (Greene 2013). Prior to the passage of this law, several state minimum wage laws had been struck down as an unconstitutional prohibition of workers’†¦show more content†¦Although, the constitutionality of the federal minimum wage is now long cemented in Supreme Court precedent, this paper will examine the current tensions between classically liberal and classically republi can ideologies with regards to the minimum wage. In doing so, several questions will be addressed. These include the current status of the minimum wage, the classically liberal and classically republican outlooks on the principle of the minimum wage, and the inherent tensions between these ideologies with regards to what ought to be the case in terms of the minimum wage. Also, this paper will examine how progressive Democrats and conservative Republicans have gravitated towards distinctly different ideologies in the modern era. In addition, this author will put forth a potential minimum wage plan that attempts to reconcile some of the unavoidable tensions that occur between classical liberals and classical republicans when discussing a change in the federal minimum wage. The Current Status of the Minimum Wage: What is the Case? The status quo surrounding the minimum wage leaves many on both sides of the liberal republican spectrum unhappy. This frustration, with what President Obama would call an â€Å"unjust status quo† partially explains why the minimum wage has come to the forefront currently. The current federalShow MoreRelatedMinimum Wage At The United States1129 Words   |  5 Pagesintended to raise the current minimum wage floor of $7.25 in the United States stalled in Congress. As the November election approaches, many Democratic senate members are placing the issue of minimum wage at the forefront of their election campaigns, hoping to sway working-class voters in their favor. The issue of minimum wage has become a matter of politics, politics which far overshadow the far more pertinent concern of minimum wage’s economic effects. Minimum wage is a complex issue, and understandingRead MoreFast Food Industry Essay1456 Words   |  6 Pagessatisfy its customers efficiently to being filled with corporations that are looking to make the largest profits possible. This has led it to be very involved in political matters and along with the meat industry, it has a very strong hold over food politics. The effects of this on the American society have become noticeable, with obesity rates skyrocketing and the overall health of Americans in a pitiful state. It has also become a very significant in terms of the American economy, as it is one of theRead MoreArticle Rebuttal: Minimum Wage Essay1192 Words   |  5 PagesArticle Rebuttal: Minimum Wage Over the years there has been much debate about raising the federal minimum wage. Some states have taken it upon themselves to set higher minimum wages than the federal minimum wage, because of the lack of action by congress. The supporters of the raising of the federal minimum wage have been more vocal lately. This is especially true since studies have shown, that the gap has grown between the wealthier population, and the middle class. Recently President Obama, becauseRead MorePolitical Involvement os Power of the Public1456 Words   |  6 Pagesthat distress (Kraft and Furlong, 2013). There are currently nineteen states that offer a higher minimum wage than the federal mandate. Thirteen states raised their minimum wage levels on January 1, 2014, increasing the purchasing power of the lowest paid workers in each respective state, some of the increases were under fifteen cents (United States Department of Labor). It is projected that minimum wage increases will drive consumer spending; and that can encourage job growth which will promote theRead MoreWomen Should NOT Have Equality Essay1026 Words   |  5 Pagesnations from winning wars due to the lack of physical strength and stamina they possess. In politics and some religions, few women have ever held high ranking positions. When it comes to politics, many feminist supporters believe that the only explanation for this controversy is due to â€Å"†¦gender bias still lingering† (â€Å"Women in U.S. Politics). Recently, women have been able to prove themselves in politics and have upheld top positions such as governors and senators. Senator Hillary Clinton made historyRead MorePolitical Power And Public Policy1401 Words   |  6 Pagespolitical power and public policy. Having money always gets your far in this country, especially when it comes to politics. Money can not only advance you, but it can corrupt you. When you come from wealth it makes entering the political arena easier. That is what I will be arguing throughout this essay, the fact that there is inequality and that money is what runs politics. American politics has always been a field that revolves around money. The economy and political system go hand and hand. PowerRead MoreMinimum Wage and Its Implications763 Words   |  3 PagesMinimum wage affects everyone. The current minimum wage is at $7.25 and President Obama announced that he wished to see a change in the minimum wage, he wants to raise the hourly wage to $10.10. A rise in the income of those who are employed will also raise the cost of hiring unskilled labor and can potentially reduce the number of people hired by businesses. Also, if minimum wage is raised then the price of the products that the companies are making might increase which will continue the cycle ofRead MoreConserve Essay513 Words   |  3 PagesConserve In the world of politics there are two very basic concepts that govern political thought and give rise to policies and laws. These two concepts are conservatism and liberalism. Liberalism supports a more active role of government, policies to help minorities and the disadvantaged, higher spending and more regulation and policies to redistribute wealth through taxation. Conservatism supports a greater reliance on the free market, a market in which the disadvantaged and minoritiesRead MoreThe Positive and Negative Effects of Raising Minimum Wage805 Words   |  4 Pagessensitive topic for many Americans is their income. Many people’s income relies on minimum wage. In 2012, 3.6 million people received an hourly pay at or below minimum wage. There is an ongoing debate in government as to what the minimum wage should be. Stuck at $7.25, Obama has suggested raising the minimum wage to $9.00. Depending on a person’s perspective, raising minimum wage could be positive or ne gative. Minimum wage has the ability to change lives, and change the economy. Small businesses and unemploymentRead MoreGetting A Good Pay For Supporting My Family s Financial Needs936 Words   |  4 Pageslater after high school. The first job after high school provided a response why my parents were struggling so much. The low minimum wage that is so discouraging. The minimum wage was not sufficient to support the bill for our family despite majority of the family members having the minimum wage. I got worried about many families whose member could not secure a job with a minimum salary. To unfold the truth on the matter, I embarked on a research with the internet that has proved to be my best tool in

Christian individuals who act as models Free Essays

The world is a dangerous place, and yet by example, perhaps Christians can create a place of â€Å"safe pasture† in areas that are less than likely to be peaceful. When reading Numbers 35:33, Psalm 37 and Exodus 23, we learn that if we do not engage in the sinful acts of our enemies, but instead try to do right by them we may make our own places of peace. Partially by God’s hand who will punish sinners when the time has arrived, and partially because we model good behavior, this concept seems a plausible reality. We will write a custom essay sample on Christian individuals who act as models or any similar topic only for you Order Now Understandably, humans learn ineffective behaviors such as greed and maliciousness from others around them – sometimes they are brought up in homes where these sinful behaviors are not only acceptable but fostered and encouraged. While God may punish the wicked in their own time, he may also be eliminating them in a more gentle manner, by offering them healthy Christian individuals who act as models to teach them proper behavior.   By ignoring sinful deeds and instead teaching peace and generosity Christians can help others understand that this world does not need to be such a harsh and cruel place to exist. When faced with people who tenderly move through their lives, not harming them and not filling their days with toxic thoughts and ideas, Christians can act as the hand of God and help sinners to transform themselves and be redeemed. The Bible tells us not to worry about sinners or help them by reinforcing their twisted beliefs (through seeking revenge or participating in their lives) because those who cannot learn during this life may have to account for their deficits in the next. Christians must do their best to be at peace with their enemies, and model God’s love, instead of furthering the injustice and violence of poor human behavior. Through these means, we may slowly and steadily create a place of safe pasture with work and commitment to God’s greater plan. Works Cited The New American Bible For Catholics. (1986). South Bend: Greenlawn Press.    How to cite Christian individuals who act as models, Papers

Beloved1 Essay Example For Students

Beloved1 Essay After the abolishment of slavery, the black community became the core of African American culture and life. This was due in part by segregation and other socioeconomic factors, but also to the spiritual and social unity of each black member. This was well exemplified in the story, as each former slave underwent arduous struggles to affix the broken pieces of their lives and attempt to become independent members of the community in a time which did not allow them to accomplish such a feat. The black community played a major role in Beloved, especially with their interactions with Sethe. After Sethes escape from slavery, she traveled to Cincinnati to reunite with her children and mother-in-law, Baby Suggs. She arrived at 124, a house constantly filled with people and happiness. Where not one but two pots simmered on the stove; where the lamp burned all night long. Strangers rested while their children tried on their shoes. Messages were left there, for whoever needed them was sure to stop in one day soon. (Morrison, 87) Sethe was enveloped with love and security, while Baby Suggs, the local spiritual leader, became the driving force in the community, gathering the people together to preach self love and respect. When warm weather came, Baby Suggs, holy, followed by every black man, woman and child who could make it through, took her great heart to the Clearing (Morrison, 87)Toni Morrisons Beloved is a book about a community made up of individuals running away from their pasts. In meeting a few of those individuals and learning how and what they are running from, it becomes obvious that no one can deal successfully with the burden of past memories alone. Those who attempt to face their troubles alone wind up tiring out and giving up, as is demonstrated by Baby Suggs. Sethe and Paul D however, try to fight back the past only to realize it cannot be done alone. After doing so, they find that with the community or a loved one to encourage you to put some of your weight in their hands, (22) the present becomes tolerable and a future possible regardless of the past. Baby Suggs, a prominent figure in the community with an intolerable present and past, which helped her learn early on what it was like to be left alone, to deal with difficulties. When the community that had served as her strength withdrew its support, because they were angry and had taken offense to the uncalled-for-pride (137) Baby flaunted when her grandchildren and daughter-in-law were finally together, she no longer felt the support.As if the weakness Baby was suffering from their disapproval was not enough, the family was hit with another blow, when Sethe was imprisoned. As Sethe is being taken away by the sheriff, the community who was already looking unfavorably upon the familys pride, asked the questions: Was her head a bit too high? Her back a little too straight? (152). These questions foreshadowed how, as long as 124 continued to be prideful, the community would keep their support withdrawn from the family that lived within. As a result, Baby Suggs, Sethe and the rest of the family was left to deal with their trials alone. Hence, Baby who at one time found her strength in the community, lost that sense of belonging, her strength then died leading to her giving up the fight. Her past was like her present intolerable, and since she knew death was anything but forgetfulness, she used the little energy left her for pondering colors.(4) Without the community, Baby Suggs stopped looking towards a future and relinquished her fight to ponder color, an occupation that took no energy on her part and that she could accomplish without anyones help. Similarly, Sethe was left to deal with her problems alone, rather than giving up however, she threw herself into keeping what she has left, and protecting her family from the past. To Sethe, the future was a matter of keeping the past at bay. The better life she believed she and Denver were living was simply not that other one (42). Sethes equation for a future meant subtracting or running away from the past at all costs. This task proved to be extremely difficult and taxing on Sethe, for not only did she have to live out her years in a house palsied by the babys fury at having its throat cut, but those ten minutes she spent pressed up against dawn-colored stone studded with star chips, her knees wide open as the grave, were longer than life, more alive, more pulsating than the baby blood that soaked her fingers like oil. (5)With Sethe, determined to never run away again as she did from Home Sweet Home, she is left to deal with the past while in 124. Being left to deal with such terrible memories alone, in a sense plagued by them, Sethe is found doing all she can to keep any more horrid pieces of her past from surfacing. .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908 , .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908 .postImageUrl , .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908 , .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908:hover , .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908:visited , .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908:active { border:0!important; } .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908:active , .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908 .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uce97afd4bf5a5f6318484907f0fc2908:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Without the Arts, We Have No Culture EssayIn talking with Paul D about Home Sweet Home and their past, Sethe says: but its where we were, All together. Comes back whether we want it to or not (14). The way Sethe personifies the past as if it was a demon who shows up without warning to wreak havoc on the one possessed, is an image that continues to come up throughout the book. In fact, Sethe has difficulty in dealing with the past so much that she expends all of her energy on it, leaving little to build a future. Her brain was not interested in the future. Loaded with the past and hungry for more, it left her no room to imagine, let alone plan for the next day (70). Baby Su ggs and Sethe are not the only ones who are left dealing with an all consuming past, Paul D and Ella along with the rest of the community, are plagued with similar issues. In fact as mentioned earlier, Sethe says while talking to Paul D that they are all together in dealing with Home Sweet Home. Hence, Paul D begins to share his memories, finding it difficult to speak about something he has never before shared (71). However, just as he begins to reveal some of the darkest parts of his past, he stops because saying more might push them both to a place they couldnt get back from. He would keep the rest where it belonged in that tobacco tin buried in his chest where a red heart used to be. (73) To this Sethe responds by rubbing his knee, trying to calm the both of them, in beating back the past (73). The difficulty they have in dealing with the past is obvious and, the fact that both keeping pushing it back in an effort to escape it, is no wonder. Ella, another member of the community which is found with a past just asterrible, is found taking a different view to the way it comes back to haunt. Ella didnt like the idea of past errors taking possession of the presentDaily life took as much as she had. The future was sunset; the past something to leave behind. And if it didnt stay behind, well, you might have to stomp it out. (256)Hence, Ella looked forward to the future with a positive view. In believing that no ones past should have so much power, Ella upon realizing that Sethe and the others at 124 are being invaded by the past, decides to help. In bringing together the women of the community to act as a support for each other, as they once did in the clearing when Baby Suggs was a preacher, they are able to accomplish what Sethe could not on her own. By unifying their strength, they broke 124 free from pasts firm hold so that futures sun could shine. Having this accomplished, Sethe and Paul D are able to realize: theygot more yesterday than anybody. and need so me kind of tomorrow (273). Hence, they are able to feel the support that Baby Suggs once enjoyed, which enables them realize that they can have a future when their energy is used in planning one rather than escaping the past. As is seen in the last chapter, this revelation applies not only to Sethe and Paul D. Through the use of everybody, their and they this chapter seems to have been written by the community itself with the final understanding being, that the past is at times better forgotten and not passed on. For, just as Baby Suggs continually told Sethe, lay em down, so are the last words of the book translated with the hope that all will take the advice and move on to the future, not forgetting the past but simply letting it remain in there. (86)Bibliography:

Sondag Essays - , Term Papers, Research Papers

Sondag S?ndag Scene 1 Sverre s?v diagonalt over senga mens han siklar p? puta. Han er i djup s?vn. Buksa er halvvegs p? og skjorta er p? vranga. Det er ein ?lflekk p? skjorta. Scene 2 Mora roper fr? trappa. ?du m? vakna no, frukost!? Sverre vaknar raskt. Han ser forskrekka rundt seg. Augene er raude mens munnen st?r p? vidt gap. H?rfrisyren hans er heilt omforma. Han har eit kvalmande uttrykkje i ansiktet. Han svarar. ?komme!? mens han strekkjer kroppen sin. Scene 3 Han reiser seg og sitter p? sengekanten med henda over ansiktet. S?nn sitter han ei lita stund mens han st?nner litt mens han mumlar l?gt. ?Komme? Og han tar seg p? hovudet som han hadde vondt. Scene 4 Mora roper igjen. ?kommer du?! No blir maten kald?. Sverre sitter enda med hovudet mellom beina. ?jaaaaa!? roper han irritert tilbake og reiser seg for ? g? til badet. Han tar av seg kleda han har p? seg og bytter dei med noen andre som henger p? stolen p? rommet hans. Scene 5 Han ser seg i spegelen. Augene liggje p? halvgl?tt. Han tar p? springen og dyppar ansiktet i kaldt vatn. Han t?rker seg i handklede og g?r ned trappa for ? ete s?ndags-frukost med mor og far. Scene 6 Han fiksar seg ein siste gang, der han t?rkar seg i ansiktet og rettar seg opp. Han ser nerv?s ut. Han rettar p? kleda sine og spaserer ut p? kj?kkener der Far og Mor sitter. Han h?yrer radioen st?r p? og at dei diskuterer noko. Scene 7 Han kommer in. Det blir br?tt stille. Far og mor slutter ? snakke. Far snur seg. Litle s?stera hans Hilde sitter der ogs?. Sverre sitter seg ned p? kj?kkenstolen. Alle tre ser p? Sverre. Scene 8 Far - kva er det s? feiler deg da? Er du sjuk? Sp?r han undrande. Sverre - ehh?. Nei. Kva d Sp?r han uforst?ande. Far - vel, du ser jo ikkje heilt god ut. Sverre - god ut? Er no heilt fint eg. Eg sov s? godt. Seie han smilande mens han ser ned p? eit fat fylt med b?nner og poteter. Clip 1(sverre som spyr p? eit do p? ein fest) Mor - ska du ikkje eta maten din? Sverre - Joda?.men e ikkje s? veldig sulten. Han r?rer gaffelen rundt i b?nnene. Far - Kor var du i g?r d Mor - Han var ? s?g film med nokon kameratar. Var du ikkje? Sverre - kva?(Sverre f?ler ikkje heilt med) Ja?jo! Han ser nedi b?nnene. Mor - Kva gjor d?ke p? d Clip 2 (sverre som dansar, mens han drikke fr? ei sprit flaske.) Sverre - Koste oss. Spelte litt data, drakk brus og s?nn. S?g film. Mor - Var det nokon jenter der d? ? Far og Mor ler litt. Sverre - nei?..ja jo. Bare to venninne. Clip 3 - mange jenter drikker alkohol og liggje ? sove i sofa Mor - Dei s?te jentene som g?r p? kristen koret med deg ? mor virke interessert. Sverre - kim d.ehh?.Sigrunn og M?yfrid du snakke om no? Han virke forundra. Far - er no s?te dei. Dei som spele blokkfl?yte saman med Hilde? Han ser bort p? Hilde. Hilde - Sigrunn og M?yfrid? Ja dei spele blokkfl?yta med ja. Mor - Da e dei som e s? flinke og det. Kjempe flinke p? skulen i alle fall. Sverre - ja da va dei. Han smile. Igjen ser han ned i b?nnene. Hilde - ehh?.da g?r jo ikkje. Dei reiste jo p? ungomssamling for unge kristne i helga. Dei e jo ikkje heima. Clip 4 - To jenter speler blokkfl?yte. (er veldig d?rlige.) Far og mor snur seg til Sverre. Og ser forundra p? han. Far - Ja da stemme jo. Det blir heilt stille. Sverre - ja da va at dei hadde tenkt ? komma. Men kunne jo ikkje. Far - Kas jente va da som var der d Sverre - ho derre Tanja. Dei som bur rett nedi gata her. Mor og Far ser p? kvarandre og lurer. Clip 5 - Bilde av Tanja. (Ser ut som ei prostituert.) Tanja mumlar ho for seg sj?lv. Mor -?.Tanja?.? Mor sp?r forsiktig. Mor - e da ho lysae ikkje ho 3 ?r eldre en deg? Sverre - ja, ho e vel da. Han ser ned i b?nnene for tredje gang. Mor - Kjenne ikkje ho s? godt, e ho kjekk? Sverre - kjempe! Ganske sjenert og stille. Clip 6 - bilde av Tanja som rote med ein gut, gut seier - eg e

Fundamental Human Experience Essay Example

Fundamental Human Experience Essay Example Fundamental Human Experience Essay Fundamental Human Experience Essay 1) What fundamental human experience is being dealt with in this story The fundamental human experience that is being dealt with in the story 1955 is that Traynor could or would attain happiness through means of material possession and the accumulation of wealth. We see this idea develop throughout the story. In 1956 we find out that the song purchased from Gracie Mae Still for a mere $500.00 is now being performed on national television. Little mama, little mama, thereâ„ ¢s a white man on television singing one of your songs! Turn on channel 5. Lord, if it wasnâ„ ¢t Traynor (Walker479). Traynor later returns to Gracie Mae and the first thing she notices is that Traynor seemed to be aging by the minute (480). Walker then proceeds to further describe Traynorâ„ ¢s exhaustion at the Mae house by detailing his posture. His head was pitched forward over his lap, his hands holding his glass and his elbows on his knees (480). The description of how tired and unhealthy Traynor seems is immediately followed by Traynor telling Gracie Mae how much money h e is accumulating off of her song. Iâ„ ¢ve sung it and sung it, and Iâ„ ¢m making forty thousand a day offa it, and you know what, I donâ„ ¢t have the faintest notion what that song means (480). Traynors condition worsens as time goes on and as he becomes wealthier. Like Traynor is regressing in life, rather than progressing. Which one could find odd being that Traynor is surrounded by so much success and wealth. This regression is further substantiated in Gracie Maeâ„ ¢s description of Traynor on one of his later visits. I had been mad, but suddenly I calmed down. Traynor was talking very dreamily. It was dark but seems I could tell his eyeâ„ ¢s werenâ„ ¢t right. It was like something was sitting there talking to me but not necessarily with a person behind it (483). Traynors character consistently degenerates as his wealth accumulates. Not once to appear happy or satisfied. He even admits to hardly knowing his own wife, even most of the people around him. : 2) What insight into the human condition does this story present The insight into the human condition that this story presents is one of holding material possessions and wealth as equal to oneâ„ ¢s self worth and happiness. We see this throughout the story as Traynor constantly gives gifts to Gracie Mae. Nice cars, money, a chance to sing on stage, even a massive house. But not quite as big as his. Gracie refuses some of his gifts saying I donâ„ ¢t need this also always implying that she is content with what she has. This is an idea that Traynor fails to grasp. Another more vague insight into the human condition is how human fallacy does not discriminate between rich and poor. Most of the novel is dedicated to showing how wealth does not equate to happiness through Traynorâ„ ¢s experiences. Gracie lives a simpler, less wealthy life but is content. Walker portrays Gracie as wise and more in touch with what really matters in life when she speaks words of wisdom like you canâ„ ¢t sleep through life if you wants to live it (488). And how s he refuses gifts because she is content with what she has. However nearing the end of the short story we learn that Gracie Mae has also been suffering at the hands of her own perception of herself. She describes to us that fat is the hurt I donâ„ ¢t admit, not even to myself, and that I been trying to burry it since the day I was born (488). The words spoken by Gracie Mae show that rich or poor being human is being human and along with that comes all of the conditions that all of us must live with.

Boss Appreciation Day Quotes

Boss Appreciation Day Quotes Here is an unofficial code: if you want to climb the corporate ladder, first learn to manage your boss. With a happy boss, you can reach the top. On this Bosss Day, share these quotes with your superior to win them over. Robert Frost The difference between a job and a career is the difference between forty and sixty hours a week. Sam Walton There is only one boss. The customer. And he can fire everybody in the company from the chairman on down, simply by spending his money somewhere else. Howard Aiken Dont worry about people stealing your ideas. If your ideas are any good, youll have to ram them down peoples throats. John Gotti If you think your boss is stupid, remember: you wouldnt have a job if he was any smarter. Lawrence H. Martin In many businesses, today will end at five oclock. Those bent on success, however, make today last from yesterday right through to tomorrow. Elbert Hubbard There is no failure except in no longer trying. Doug Larson Accomplishing the impossible means only that the boss will add it to your regular duties. Casey Stengel The secret of successful managing is to keep the five guys who hate you away from the four guys who havent made up their minds. The key to being a good manager is keeping the people who hate you away from those who are still undecided. Peter Drucker Management by objective works- if you know the objectives. Ninety percent of the time you dont. Homer Simpson Kill my boss? Do I dare live out the American dream? Tim Gould Ive been promoted to middle management. I never thought Id sink so low. Byron Pulsifer A good boss is a person who can tolerate my complaints and still manage to say hello to me every day. If it wasnt for bad bosses, I wouldnt know what a good one was like. Leo J. Farrell, Jr. The mark of a true executive is usually illegible. Cedric Adams Executive: A man who talks to visitors so the other employees can get their work done.

MKT501 Strategic Marketing - Mod 4 SLP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MKT501 Strategic Marketing - Mod 4 SLP - Essay Example Even knowledge is not enough, as a potential consumer may have to be influenced by others or by the uniqueness of the product or service offering. In modern times, where different varieties of the same product or service are made available for different segments of the population, one may follow different strategies to create appeals or desires among different segments of the population, depending on its demographic, psychographic and lifestyle analysis (Kotler & Keller, 2011). Branding, advertising, personal selling, industrial selling and sales promotion and distribution efforts all constitute different types of promotion strategies for a product or service. Taking the example of a car as introduced in Module 1, we can see that advertising on television and billboards, sales promotion though different offers such as prizes in lucky draws connected with another product, and special deals available at car dealers are some of the methods that are used by automobile companies to induce people to buy their products. Of course, online advertising is another means to attract consumers of all types and income groups across the spectrum. Automobile companies usually show off their latest models inviting us to click their ads and browse the details of various models available. There is even a good market for second hand cars. As to the different marketing ploys used to attract different groups of customers, typically the higher income groups, celebrities and the t rend setters are shown the faster and sleeker varieties. Depending on the family size, a Pajero, a sedan or a Landcruiser may also be a good choice. On the other hand, while targeting a middle class family, a roomy and ergonomically designed car like a Camry would be a good choice. For the classier lot, a Lexus would be a good option. Similarly we have cars for the lower end as well, or those available at a discount being second hand cars. In this way the different segments of the market for

The Threat of Fraud Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

The Threat of Fraud - Assignment Example This causes considerable losses to companies and executives. Identity theft can be managed by ensuring stronger internal control and monitoring systems such as using the RCSA, encrypting sensitive data, and obtaining insurance for the executives. A workshop organized to sensitize executives on fraud would include a participatory and self-assessment session to monitor uptake of information by attendants.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Identity theft refers to the act of stealing or gaining another person’s identifying and personal information such as a social security number or credit card numbers by unauthorized means and using or having the intention to use the information fraudulently (van der Meulen, 2011). The first step in protecting executives would be to get insurance in the director and officer insurance form to cover against loss of wealth and associated assets. An executives signature can, for example, be used to fraudulently get a binding agreement with the company, which would be detrimental to the company such as using the executive’s identity to access credit lines, which are not approved. The company would need to ensure it and its and executives are under the Merchant Risk Council which is a group of over 7 800 merchants, financial institutions, law enforcement agencies and vendors who work together to enhance cyber frauds, for example, fi nancial institutions would have to call the company before processing a credit card application. Of course, improving cybersecurity at the business would be a viable step. Cybercrime occurs when three principal factors are present; opportunity, rationalization, and pressure as the fraud triangle shows.

Finance in International Markets Essay Example for Free

Finance in International Markets Essay Describe the tradeoffs that are involved for each method (such as exporting, direct foreign investment, etc. ) that Snyder could use to achieve its goal. ANSWER: Snyder can export the clubs, but the transportation expenses may be high. If could establish a subsidiary in Brazil to produce and sell the clubs, but this may require a large investment of funds. It could use licensing, in which it specifies to a Brazilian firm how to produce the clubs. In this way, it does not have to establish its own subsidiary there. b. Which method would you recommend for this firm? Justify your recommendation. ANSWER: If the amount of golf clubs to be sold in Brazil is small, it may decide to export. However, if the expected sales level is high, it may benefit from licensing. If it is confident that the expected sales level will remain high, it may be willing to establish a subsidiary. The wages are lower in Brazil, and the large investment needed to establish a subsidiary may be worthwhile. 15. Impact of Political Risk. Explain why political risk may discourage international business. Some foreign projects would have been feasible if there was no political risk, but will not be feasible because of political risk. 17. International Joint Venture. Anheuser-Busch, the producer of Budweiser and other beers, has recently expanded into Japan by engaging in a joint venture with Kirin Brewery, the largest brewery in Japan. The joint venture enables Anheuser-Busch to have its beer distributed through Kirin’s distribution channels in Japan. In addition, it can utilize Kirin’s facilities to produce beer that will be sold locally. In return, Anheuser-Busch provides information about the American beer market to Kirin. . Explain how the joint venture can enable Anheuser-Busch to achieve its objective of maximizing shareholder wealth. ANSWER: The joint venture creates a way for Anheuser-Busch to distribute Budweiser throughout Japan. It enables Anheuser-Busch to penetrate the Japanese market without requiring a substantial investment in Japan. b. Explain how the jo int venture can limit the risk of the international business. ANSWER: The joint venture has limited risk because Anheuser-Busch does not need to establish its own distribution network in Japan. Thus, Anheuser-Busch may be able to use a smaller investment for the international business, and there is a higher probability that the international business will be successful. c. Many international joint ventures are intended to circumvent barriers that normally prevent foreign competition. What barrier in Japan is Anheuser-Busch circumventing as a result of the joint venture? What barrier in the United States is Kirin circumventing as a result of the joint venture? ANSWER: Anheuser-Busch is able to benefit from Kirin’s distribution system in Japan, which would not normally be so accessible. Kirin is able to learn more about how Anheuser-Busch expanded its product across numerous countries, and therefore breaks through an â€Å"information† barrier. d. Explain how Anheuser-Busch could lose some of its market share in countries outside Japan as a result of this particular joint venture. ANSWER: Anheuser-Busch could lose some of its market share to Kirin as a result of explaining its worldwide expansion strategies to Kirin. However, it appears that Anheuser-Busch expects the potential benefits of the joint venture to outweigh any potential adverse effects.

Dance In Public School Curricular Essay -- essays research papers

DANCE IN PUBLIC SCHOOL CURRICULA Dancing is a form of art that allows many children to express themselves through body motion while developing many skills. Children throughout the world have been dancing since the day they began walking. When a child to take their first steps and puts together the simplest combination of movements, that would be considered as dancing. Music also plays a major role in the development of children understanding dance, because it is can be used as an accompaniment, and can help children get a better feel for the rhythm in dances. Over the past century educators have come to the conclusion that dance serves as a form of art, and should be taught in public schools and colleges to help the growth in children of all ages both physically, mentally, and academically. The development in dance in education, during the 19th century in the United States, was linked to the sudden increase of elementary schools, secondary programs, colleges, as well as the establishment of private dance academies throughout the nation. Dance had always been thought as being just a form of socializing and not as a form of art. Private academies introduced dance as an art form before public schools. The private academies felt that through dance children would benefit greater academically, and physically, than those children who did not have the luxury of taking dance. Enrollment increased in private academies, while throughout the United States the enrollment in public schools steadily decreased. This was when educators decided to begin including dance in public school curricula. Kraus (1969) found that " a major influence in helping to bring dance into public schools and colleges was the work of the French dramatic teacher, Francois Delsante " (p.127). By the beginning of the 20th century, dance had become accepted by public schools throughout the United States and was now a required class. The only negative part about dance being taught in public schools, was that not all teachers who taught the dance classes were certified because there main objectives were to teach core classes. Throughout the United States, dance classes provided a form of exercise for children, but the dance were so basic it was not until public schools adopted the concept of modern dan... ...dance education is to continue growing throughout public schools and colleges in the United States, students, parents, and the rest of the community will need to stand behind their dance educators. Dance has always served a form of great exercise that allows people to express themselves through movement, and will continue to do so into the future. Dance education in the elementary level is a place that may need some help in child development, and the way to solve this problem is by getting classroom teachers who are skilled in dance and creative movement instruction. Dance education in the secondary level also needs to get highly skilled teachers who are also certified in dance themselves. It would also help attract more students if dance was presented in a different department other than physical education. Dance education in the college level is taught by certified dance instructors, therefore dancers in this level are able to explore movements, while being critiqued by someone who knows what is happening. Dance education has played a major role in the development of children of all ages, and will continue to do so, as long as dance educators and dancers have the proper support.

Difference between monopoly pricing and competitive rricing Essay

Essay #1 – Congress is discussing the possibility of removing patent protection for life saving drugs in order to reduce the cost of the Medicare and Medicaid systems. Discuss both the short-run and long-run implications for the economic situation of the drug industry. Include in your answer the impact on prices, new development, etc. of drugs. Include appropriate graphs showing the difference between monopoly pricing and competitive pricing. The drug industry currently takes on both monopolistic and competitive market structures. When a drug company develops a new drug, there are patent laws that allow the company to have a monopoly on selling the drug. In the short-run, the company is able to charge the monopoly price (above marginal cost) and maximize profit by producing the quantity where marginal revenue equals marginal cost. Once the patent runs out, other drug companies have an incentive to enter the market causing it to become more competitive. These new companies produce generic versions of the drug and charge a price below the monopolist’s price. As more and more competitors enter the price is driven down to marginal cost. If congress were to remove patent protection on life-savings drugs, drug company’s profits for life saving drugs would decrease. More companies would be able to begin producing the drugs without waiting for the patent period to end therefore, the original drug maker would not be able to charge the monopoly price for very long because competitors could quickly engineer generic versions. The original producer would no longer be a price maker and instead need to follow profit maximization rules of a competitive market by producing the quantity where marginal revenue equals marginal cost and charge a price equal to marginal marginal revenue. Since the original drug maker will not be able to benefit from monopoly pricing during the patent period, there will be less incentive for them to create lifesaving drugs. A part of the benefit of higher profits during the monopoly period is the ability to recoup some of the research, develop, and testing costs of producing these drugs that the generic makers do not incur. Consumers on the other hand would benefit from competition in the market which prevents a single drug maker from dictating the market price of these newly developed lifesaving drugs.

Ib Economics Commentary 1 †Microeconomics Essay

Rebecca Bundhun, (October 19, 2012) Cost of summer getaways hit as air ticket prices rise, The National, http://www.thenational.ae/thenationalconversation/industry-insights/tourism/cost-of-summer-getaways-hit-as-air-ticket-prices-rise The cost of an airline ticket can fluctuate tremendously based on a number of factors. The goal of airlines is to maximize their capacity by having the greatest number of passengers on all trips. This may however be difficult, as airlines pricing is not only dictated by their own operating costs and profit margins required but they have to consider complementary items that could have an effect on supply and demand for their product. By definition, demand theory explains the inverse relationship between quantity and price. This law explains that if the quantity available of a product or service wanted by the public is low, the price for that product or service will be high. As demand for a product or service increases, the price will increase. This law is critical as we are able to predict prices based on the demand of a product. In the case of airlines, they are able to predict that prices for their services will go up during the high travel months. People are willing to pay more for travel during the summer months, as they know that supply is limited and their available time is defined by their vacation schedules. If we were to graph this scenario, we would find that price and quantity relationship creates a maximum efficiency point called equilibrium point. The equilibrium point tells us the best combination of price and quantity. With the graph below, we can illustrate that some travelers will be forced to cancel their travel plans due to high ticket costs, just as we can identify travelers that will have to fly no matter what the cost of the fare is. However what economists tend to focus on is trying to find an equilibrium point between price and quantity. As we know, airlines provide a service to clients by connecting passengers to desired destinations worldwide. Although prices tend to be set by supply and demand, they are also exposed to externalities. An externality occurs when the actions of consumers or producers give rise to positive or negative side effects on other people, who are not part of these actions and whose interests are not taken into consideration. A perfect example of a negative externality is the rise of jet fuel. As a barrel of oil rises, the price of jet fuel also rises and consequently the price of an airline ticket also rises. Externalities can create a positive or negative demand or effect on a product or service. Price elasticity of demand is a term that helps us understand the measure of the responsiveness of the quantity demanded to changes in price. In general, if there is a large responsiveness of the quantity demanded, the demand is referred to as being elastic, if there is a small responsiveness, demand is inelastic. Airlines take advantage of the existence of inelasticity. Mr. D’Souza states in the article, â€Å"People are still flying. People traditionally plan these breaks, and regardless of the price, they fly. The demand is very, very high.† On the contrary, airlines understand price elasticity and use this well. They know that fare prices can be considered both elastic and inelastic based on the circumstance the traveler finds themselves in. Airlines study their client base, their competitors, and use patterns to predict the behavior of clients based on the condition. They know the probabilities of travelers changing to an alternative airline if their price rises, if they modify their routes, but most of all, they use price elasticity to predict the success of promotions offered by themselves or any other competitor. Airlines want to lure business by creating special values and convince unplanned tourists to take the trip. Say an average ticket price from Dallas to Las Vegas is $550.00; airlines will create a promotional price and may offer the same route for $199.00. Since the price is so low, people will often forget that they are taking an unplanned trip and will justify the trip by thinking about the cost savings realized and not of the unplanned expense. The demand curve below shows how changes in price lead to changes in the quantity demanded. Although airline tickets are considered elastic and inelastic, most economists consider it elastic unless travel is done for business use. Domestic airline travel can be substituted by bus transportation, automobile, train etc. Airline travel is elastic especially as the person’s income increases so their opportunity for travel increases and they will be more likely to afford the variation in cost.

Free Essays on The Love And Devotion Of Phoenix Jackson

The Love and Devotion of Phoenix Jackson Eudora Welty creates clues to enhance Phoenix Jackson as a round character. The reader forms a clear mental picture of Phoenix’s appearance like her skin having, â€Å"Numberless branching wrinkles...as though a whole little tree stood in the middle of her forehead.† Also, Welty draws a connection relating Phoenix’s hardships and triumphs to everyone’s struggles in life for the reader to sympathize and relate to. Welty elaborates the unstoppable love and devotion Phoenix Jackson holds for her grandson through her overcoming obstacles of growing senility, deteriorating health with age, and walking a treacherous journey. Although Phoenix grows senile and might have forgotten her journey's purpose, in her heart the unyielding love for her grandson directs her feet to the medical building. The reader first discovers Phoenix’s digressing mental health when she starts to talk out loud saying, â€Å"Out of my way, all you foxes, owls, beetles, jack rabbits......Keep out from under these feet, little bob-whites† (para 3). Even with Phoenix’s prevailing loss of reality the only thing real to her has been her indomitable love for her only family, her grandson. Another incident arises after Phoenix crosses the creek to reveal in depth Phoenix’s challenge with senility, when she imagines a little boy brings her a piece of marble-cake. She says to the boy, â€Å"That would be acceptable,† (para 15) and then she returns to reality and proceeds on her mercy quest. Welty illustrates Phoenix’s devotion to overcome her own declining health through obstacles Phoenix encounters on her journey. A black dog comes at Phoenix and â€Å"Over she went in the ditch, like a puff of milkweed,† (para 33). Phoenix becomes an immovable frail and weakening granny lying on her back, â€Å"Like a June-bug waiting to be turned over,† (para 37) until a young hunter picks her up from the ... Free Essays on The Love And Devotion Of Phoenix Jackson Free Essays on The Love And Devotion Of Phoenix Jackson The Love and Devotion of Phoenix Jackson Eudora Welty creates clues to enhance Phoenix Jackson as a round character. The reader forms a clear mental picture of Phoenix’s appearance like her skin having, â€Å"Numberless branching wrinkles...as though a whole little tree stood in the middle of her forehead.† Also, Welty draws a connection relating Phoenix’s hardships and triumphs to everyone’s struggles in life for the reader to sympathize and relate to. Welty elaborates the unstoppable love and devotion Phoenix Jackson holds for her grandson through her overcoming obstacles of growing senility, deteriorating health with age, and walking a treacherous journey. Although Phoenix grows senile and might have forgotten her journey's purpose, in her heart the unyielding love for her grandson directs her feet to the medical building. The reader first discovers Phoenix’s digressing mental health when she starts to talk out loud saying, â€Å"Out of my way, all you foxes, owls, beetles, jack rabbits......Keep out from under these feet, little bob-whites† (para 3). Even with Phoenix’s prevailing loss of reality the only thing real to her has been her indomitable love for her only family, her grandson. Another incident arises after Phoenix crosses the creek to reveal in depth Phoenix’s challenge with senility, when she imagines a little boy brings her a piece of marble-cake. She says to the boy, â€Å"That would be acceptable,† (para 15) and then she returns to reality and proceeds on her mercy quest. Welty illustrates Phoenix’s devotion to overcome her own declining health through obstacles Phoenix encounters on her journey. A black dog comes at Phoenix and â€Å"Over she went in the ditch, like a puff of milkweed,† (para 33). Phoenix becomes an immovable frail and weakening granny lying on her back, â€Å"Like a June-bug waiting to be turned over,† (para 37) until a young hunter picks her up from the ...

Medieval Methods for Making Fabric From Wool

Medieval Methods for Making Fabric From Wool In the Middle Ages, wool was turned into cloth in the thriving wool production trade, in home-based cottage industry, and in private households for family use. Methods could vary depending on the wherewithal of the producer, but the basic processes of spinning, weaving, and finishing cloth were essentially the same. Wool is usually sheared from sheep all at once, resulting in a large fleece. Occasionally, the skin of a slaughtered sheep was utilized for its wool; but the product obtained, which was called pulled wool, was an inferior grade to that shorn from live sheep. If the wool was intended for trade (as opposed to local use), it was bound up with similar fleeces and sold or traded off until it reached its final destination in a cloth-manufacturing town. It was there that processing began. Sorting The first thing done to a fleece was to separate its wool into its various grades by coarseness because different types of wool were destined for different end products and required specialized methods of processing. Also, some types of wool had specific uses in the manufacturing process itself. The wool in the outer layer of fleece was ordinarily longer, thicker and coarser than the wool from the inner layers. These fibers would be spun into worsted yarn. The inner layers had softer wool of varying lengths that would be spun into woolen yarn. Shorter fibers would be further sorted by grade into heavier and finer wools; the heavier ones would be used to make thicker yarn for the warp threads in the loom, and the lighter ones would be used for the wefts. Cleansing Next, the wool was washed; soap and water would usually do for worsteds. For the fibers that would be used to make woolens, the cleansing process was particularly stringent and could include hot alkaline water, lye, and even stale urine. The aim was to remove the wool grease (from which lanolin is extracted) and other oils and greases as well as dirt and foreign matter. The use of urine was frowned upon and even outlawed at various points in the Middle Ages, but it was still common in home industries throughout the era. Following cleansing, the wools were rinsed several times. Beating After rinsing, the wools were set out in the sun on wooden slats to dry and were beaten, or broken, with sticks. Willow branches were often used, and thus the process was called willeying in England, brisage de laines in France and wullebreken in Flanders. Beating the wool helped remove any remaining foreign matter, and it separated entangled or matted fibers. Preliminary Dyeing Sometimes, dye would be applied to fiber before it was used in manufacturing. If so, this is the point at which the dyeing would occur. It was fairly common to soak fibers in a preliminary dye with the expectation that the color would combine with a different shade in a later dye bath. Fabric that was dyed at this stage was known as dyed-in-the-wool. Dyes usually required a mordant to keep the color from fading, and mordants often left a crystalline residue that made working with fibers extremely difficult. Therefore, the most common dye used in this early stage was woad, which did not require a mordant. Woad was a blue dye made from an herb indigenous to Europe, and it took about three days to use it to dye fiber and make the color fast. In later medieval Europe, such a large percentage of wool cloths were dyed with woad that cloth workers were often known as blue nails.1 Greasing Before the wools could be subjected to the harsh processing treatment that lay ahead, they would be greased with butter or olive oil to protect them. Those who produced their own cloth at home were likely to skip the more rigorous cleansing, allowing some of the natural lanolin to remain as a lubricant instead of adding grease. Although this step was done primarily to the fibers intended for woolen yarn, there is evidence that the longer, thicker fibers used to make worsteds were also lightly greased. Combing The next step in preparing wool for spinning varied depending on the type of wool, the instruments available and, oddly enough, whether certain tools had been outlawed. For worsted yarn, simple wool combs were used to separate and straighten the fibers. The teeth of the combs might be wooden or, as the Middle Ages progressed, iron. A pair of combs was used, and the wool would be transferred from one comb to the other and back again until it had been straightened and aligned. Combs were usually constructed with several rows of teeth and had a handle, which made them look a little like a modern-day dog brush. Combs were also used for woolen fibers, but in the central Middle Ages cards were introduced. These were flat boards with many rows of short, sharp metal hooks. By placing a handful of wool on one card and combing it until it had been transferred to the other, and then repeating the process several times, a light, airy fiber would result. Carding separated wools more effectively than combing, and it did so without losing the shorter fibers. It was also a good way to blend together different types of wool. For reasons that remain unclear, cards were outlawed in portions of Europe for several centuries. John H. Munroe posits that the reasoning behind the ban could be a fear that the sharp metal hooks would damage the wool, or that carding made it too easy to fraudulently blend inferior wools into superior ones. Instead of carding or combing, some woolens were subjected to a process known as bowing. The bow was an arched wooden frame, the two ends of which were attached with a taut cord. The bow would be suspended from the ceiling, the cord would be placed in a pile of wool fibers, and the wooden frame would be struck with a mallet in order to get the cord to vibrate. The vibrating cord would separate the fibers. Just how effective or common bowing was is debatable, but at least it was legal. Spinning Once the fibers were combed (or carded or bowed), they were wound on a distaff a short, forked stick - in preparation for spinning. Spinning was chiefly the province of women. The spinster would draw a few fibers from the distaff, twisting them between thumb and forefinger as she did so, and attach them to a drop-spindle. The weight of the spindle would pull the fibers down, stretching them out as it spun. The spinning action of the spindle, with the help of the spinsters fingers, twisted the fibers together into yarn. The spinster would add more wool from the distaff until the spindle reached the floor; shed then wind the yarn around the spindle and repeat the process. Spinsters stood as they  spun  so that the drop-spindle could spin out as long a yarn as possible before it had to be wound up. Spinning wheels were probably invented in India sometime after 500 CE.; their earliest recorded use in Europe is in the 13th century. Initially, they werent the convenient sit-down models of later centuries, powered by a foot pedal; rather, they were  hand-powered  and large enough so that the spinster would need to stand to use it. It may not have been any easier on the spinsters feet, but much more yarn could be produced on a spinning wheel than with a drop-spindle. However, spinning with a drop-spindle was common throughout the Middle Ages until the 15th century. Once the yarn was spun, it might be dyed. Whether it was dyed in the wool or in the yarn, color had to be added  by  this stage if a multi-colored cloth was to be produced. Knitting While knitting wasnt wholly unknown in the Middle Ages, scant evidence of hand-knitted garments survives. The relative ease of the craft of knitting and the ready availability of materials and tools for making knitting needles makes it hard to believe that peasants didnt knit themselves warm clothing from wool they got from their own sheep. The lack of surviving garments isnt at all surprising, considering the fragility of all cloth and the amount of time that has passed since the medieval era. Peasants could have worn their knitted garments to pieces, or they may have reclaimed the yarn for alternate uses when the garment grew too old or threadbare to wear any longer. Far more common than knitting in the Middle Ages was weaving. Weaving Weaving cloth was practiced in households as well as in professional cloth-making establishments. In homes where people produced cloth for their own use, spinning was often the province of women, but weaving was usually done by men. Professional weavers in manufacturing locations like Flanders and Florence were also usually men, though women weavers were not unknown. The essence of weaving is, simply, to draw one yarn or thread (the weft) through a set of perpendicular yarns (the warp), threading the weft alternately behind and in front of each individual warp thread. Warp threads were usually stronger and heavier than weft  threads  and came from different grades of fiber. The variety of weights in warps and wefts could result in specific textures. The number of weft fibers drawn through the loom in one pass could vary, as could the number of warps the weft would travel in front of before passing behind; this deliberate variety was used to achieve different textured patterns. Sometimes, warp threads were dyed (usually blue) and weft threads remained undyed, producing colored patterns. Looms  were constructed to make this process go more smoothly. The earliest looms were vertical; the warp threads stretched from the top of the loom to the floor and, later, to a bottom frame or roller. Weavers stood when they worked on vertical looms. The  horizontal loom  made its first appearance in Europe in the 11th century, and by the 12th century, mechanized versions were being used. The advent of the mechanized horizontal loom is generally considered the most important technological development in medieval textile production. A weaver would sit at a mechanized loom, and instead of threading the weft in front of and behind alternate warps by hand, hed merely have to press a foot pedal to raise up one set of alternate warps and draw the weft underneath it in one straight pass. Then hed press the other pedal, which would raise the other set of warps, and draw the weft underneath  that  in the other direction. To make this process easier, a shuttle was used a boat-shaped tool that contained yarn wound around a bobbin. The shuttle would glide easily over the bottom set of warps as the yarn unspooled. Fulling  or Felting Once the fabric had been woven and taken off the loom it would be subjected to a  fulling  process. (Fulling wasnt usually necessary if the fabric was made from worsted as opposed to woolen yarn.) Fulling thickened the fabric and made the natural hair fibers mat together through agitation and the application of  liquid. It was more effective if heat was part of the equation, as well. Initially,  fulling  was done by immersing the cloth in a vat of warm water and stomping on it or beating it with hammers. Sometimes additional chemicals were added, including soap or urine to help remove the natural lanolin of the wool or the grease that had been added to protect it in the earlier stages of processing. In Flanders, fullers earth was used in the process to absorb impurities; this was a type of soil containing a significant amount of clay, and it was naturally available in the region. Though originally done by hand (or foot), the  fulling  process gradually became automated through the use of fulling mills. These were often quite large and powered by water, although smaller, hand-cranked machines were also known. Foot-fulling was still done in household manufacturing, or when the cloth was particularly fine and wasnt to be subjected to the harsh treatment of hammers. In towns where cloth manufacture was a thriving household industry, weavers could take their cloth to a communal fulling mill. The term fulling is sometimes used interchangeably with felting. Although the process is essentially the same,  fulling  is done to cloth that has already been woven, whereas felting actually produces cloth from unwoven, separate fibers. Once cloth was fulled or felted, it could not easily unravel. After  fulling, the fabric would be thoroughly rinsed. Even worsteds that didnt need  fulling  would be washed to remove any oil or dirt that had accumulated during the weaving process. Because dyeing was a process that immersed the fabric in liquid, it may have been dyed at this point, especially in home industries. However, it was more common to wait until a later stage in production.  Cloth  that was dyed after it was woven was known as dyed-in-the-piece. Drying After it was rinsed, cloth was hung up to dry. Drying was done on specially-designed frames known as tenter frames, which used tenterhooks to hold the cloth. (This is where we get the phrase on tenterhooks to describe a state of suspense.) The sturdy frames stretched the fabric so that it wouldnt shrink too much; this process was carefully gauged, because fabric that was stretched too far, while large in square feet, would be thinner and weaker than fabric that was stretched to the proper dimensions. Drying was done in the open air; and in cloth-producing towns, this meant the fabric was always subject to inspection. Local regulations often dictated the specifics of drying cloth in order to ensure quality, thus maintaining the reputation of the town as a source of fine cloth, as well as that of the cloth manufacturers themselves. Shearing Fulled fabrics- especially those made from curly-haired woolen yarn were often very fuzzy and covered with nap. Once the fabric had been dried, it would be shaved or  sheared  to remove this extra material. Shearers would use a device that had remained pretty much unchanged since Roman times: shears, which consisted of two razor-sharp blades attached to a U-shaped bow spring. The spring, which was made of steel, also served as the handle of the device. A shearer would attach the cloth to a padded table that sloped downward and had hooks to keep the fabric in place. He would then press the bottom blade of his shears into the cloth at the top of the table and gently slide it down, clipping the fuzz and nap by bringing down the top blade as he went. Shearing a piece of fabric completely could take several passes, and would often alternate with the next step in the process, napping. Napping or Teaseling After (and before, and after) shearing, the next step was to raise the nap of the fabric enough to give it a soft, smooth finish. This was done by grooming the cloth with the head of a plant known as a teasel. A teasel was a member of the  Dipsacus  genus and had a dense, prickly flower, and it would be rubbed gently over the fabric. Of course, this could raise the nap so much that the cloth would be too fuzzy and had to be sheared again. The amount of shearing and teaseling necessary would depend on the quality and type of wool used and the result desired. Though metal and wood tools were tested for this step, they were considered potentially too damaging for fine cloth, so the teasel plant was used for this process throughout the Middle Ages. Dyeing Cloth might be dyed in the wool or in the yarn, but even so, it would usually be dyed in the piece as well, either to deepen the color or to combine with the previous dye for a different tint. Dyeing in the piece was a procedure that could realistically take place at almost any point in the manufacturing process, but most commonly it was done after the fabric had been sheared. Pressing When the teaseling and shearing (and, possibly, dyeing) was done, the fabric would be pressed to complete the smoothing process. This was done in a flat, wooden vise. Woven wool that had been fulled, dried, shorn, teaseled, dyed, and pressed could be luxuriously soft to the touch and made into the finest clothing and draperies. Unfinished Cloth Professional cloth manufacturers in wool production towns could, and did, produce cloth from the wool-sorting stage to the final pressing. However, it was quite common to sell fabric that wasnt completely finished. Producing undyed fabric was very common, allowing tailors and drapers to choose just the right hue. And it was not at all uncommon to leave out the shearing and teaseling steps, reducing the price of the fabric for consumers willing and able to perform this task themselves. Cloth Quality and Variety Every step along the manufacturing process was an opportunity for cloth-makers to excel or not. Spinners and weavers who had low-quality wool to work with could still turn out fairly decent cloth, but it was common for such wool to be worked with the least possible effort in order to turn out a product quickly. Such cloth would, of course, be cheaper; and it might be used for items other than garments. When manufacturers paid for better raw materials and took the extra time required for higher quality, they could charge more for their products. Their reputation for quality would attract the wealthier merchants, artisans, guildsmen and the nobility. Although sumptuary laws were enacted, usually in times of economic instability, to keep the lower classes from garbing themselves in finery ordinarily reserved for the upper classes, it was more often the extreme expense of the clothing worn by the nobility that kept other people from buying it. Thanks to the diverse kinds of cloth manufacturers and the many types of wool of different levels of quality they had to work with, a wide variety of wool cloth was produced in medieval times.

Writing to evaluate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Writing to evaluate - Essay Example Recently, it has two international editions have been added due to its popularity. Cosmopolitan magazine is the market leader in its niche for three reasons: usefulness in giving practical tips, universal appeal, and over-all presentation. Many women find Cosmopolitan as a useful guide for their needs. For example, young adults like college students look for practical tips on choosing make-up products as well comparing evaluation of current beauty products. However, Cosmopolitan does more than that by suggesting local products than can be a substitute for expensive ones. In addition to, the magazine occasionally inserts samples products from some very willing companies due to its wider readership. Another evidence of Cosmopolitan’s usefulness is its articles that features practical tips for working women. Cosmo shares helpful advice on dressing up for an interview, answering interview questions, dealing with gossips in the workplace, handling a difficult boss, and even comparing advantages and disadvantages of an office relationship. In addition this, smart and savvy fashion suited for a career woman is also presented in the glossy pages of the magazine. They also like the humor and the career tips and consider Cosmopolitan a â€Å"Great Magazine for Adult Women† with lots of â€Å"Sexy Advice†. That is why 87% of 53 members of this forum referred this magazine to family and friends. ( viewpoints.com ) Cosmpolitan has a universal appeal to all readers since it also presents articles that women from any race, color or age can identify with. Aside from articles about career, Cosmopolitan also features interesting articles about relationships that all women find helpful. All kind of relationships are explored here including affairs and homosexual ones. In fact, Cosmopolitan has been engaged in controversial issues such as birth

Knowledge, Skills and Abilities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Knowledge, Skills and Abilities - Essay Example As the paper outlines, the knowledge statement makes adequate performance on the job possible while the skill statements refer to the proficient manual, verbal or mental manipulation of data or things. On the other hand, the ability statements refer to the power to perform an observable activity at the present time. Integrating these statements can serve as a basis for distinguishing the 'qualified candidates' from the 'unqualified candidates' for a position.  The development and selection of job performance tools depend upon the type of job. Not all kinds of performance instruments can be attributed to a person and therefore different tools such as Monitoring, Testing, Observations etc are employed. Because competence is multi-dimensional and individual assessment approaches have limitations, it is unlikely that a single approach to assessment will be adequate.  The primary question with any personnel instrument is of overall effectiveness. This is considered an extremely import ant factor in selecting a job performance instrument. This includes the feasibility and cost-benefit analysis of developing a specific type of instrument. It caters to factors like time and training required to implement the assessment, equipment or technology required, number of assessments required per examinee, financial cost, and the extent to which an assessment has been used. If an instrument that is not practical to be tested upon the candidates, then it is useless and therefore it must be rejected. Similarly, if the time and cost incurred to train and test the candidate are more than the value that can be derived from assessing the instrument then again the instrument it useless. Also, the assessment should provide new and useful information that facilitates teaching and learning. For instance, the assessment should allow the collection of enough detailed information that it is possible to know what performance improvements or curricular modifications are needed. If this is not provided by the performance instrument then again the instrument must be rejected.  Another factor that is equally important to effectiveness is the validity of the data. Valid data provide accurate information about what is being assessed. Different types of evidence may be used to infer validity. It may be inferred when assessment results help to predict performance in actual practice. Validity may be inferred also when it is possible to detect the responsiveness. Data that is invalid is of no use to the company and hence an instrument that extracts invalid data must not be considered for measuring job performance.  Apart from the factors mentioned above, job performance instruments must be broad so that they cater to various aspects of an employee. This helps in diminishing any bias that may arise in the instruments.  

Assignment for my course International Accounting and Consultancy Essay

Assignment for my course International Accounting and Consultancy. Writer MUST be ON TIME. Writer needs to send me somethinganything on the 13thMarch UK tim - Essay Example The IFRS make the entities achieve this purpose by enabling them to provide segment wise information. However the entities do not incur any excessive cost for such reporting; they are able to make only at a little extra cost. IFRS 8 arises from the IASB's comparison of International Accounting Standard 14 (IAS 14) 'Segment Reporting' with the US standard SFAS 131 'Disclosures about segments of an Enterprise and Related Information'. IFRS 8 replaces IAS 14 and aligns Segment reporting with the requirement of SFAS 131. This paper envisages a critical analysis of the impact and usage of the introduction of IFRS 8 and the extent to which this standard aids in achieving the convergence between national accounting standards and IFRS to deliver high-quality solutions. that files, or is in the process of filing, its (consolidated) financial statements with a securities commission or other regulatory organisation for the purpose of issuing any class of instruments in a public market. However, when both separate and consolidated financial statements for the parent are presented in a single financial report, segment information need be presented only on the basis of the consolidated financial statements. (Deloitte Paper) International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) based in London represented and funded by major accounting firms, industrial companies, financial institutions, central banks and other international and professional organizations throughout the world is committed in developing, in the public interest, a single set of high quality global accounting standards that require transparent and comparable information in general purpose financial statements. According to the IASB Paper on IFRS 8 (2006), the prime objective of the IASB is to achieve the convergence of accounting standards in all the countries around the world. With this objective in view, the IASB and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in the United States have undertaken a joint short term project with the objective of reducing the difference between the IFRSs and US GAAP that are capable of resolution in a relatively shorter period of time. The other consideration was that the differences to be addressed must be outside the major projects. With a view to adopting high quality financial reporting solutions, both the Boards considered the standards prescribed by them recently and evolved the new standard as the best combination of existing standards. In order to decide on the new IFRS 8 standard the IASB compared the IAS 14 Segment Reporting and SFAS 131 Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise Related Information. It is worth noting that the IAS 14 was adopted substantially from the earlier standard issued by the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) in the year 1997. Hence the main reason for the issue of a revised standard in IFRS 8 is to increase the convergence of different standards as well as to present the best of the standards available in respect of Segment Reporting. 4.0

Changing role of women in the UAE

Changing role of women in the UAE Women have been and are playing a vital role in developing their families for a long time. During the times of pre-historic periods, women have played an important role as bread owners and hence they assumed a definite cultural role. Evidences say that in the periods of Hunter-gatherer, women used to collect food while men used to go hunting. During the recent history, the role of women has changed to a great extent. Due to the modern changes like the economic reforms, feminist movements and the demands for equal opportunities, women in many parts of the world have right of entry to careers apart from the role of traditional homemaker. In these modern days, women started to gain power equivalent to men which was not there in the past days. In spite of this, a few people could not recognize women as a power and as an agent, who brings change in the society, may be due to the traditional beliefs or due to the fear of loss of power and authority over women. Not only do men have a fear of women empowerment, but studies say that women at work places are less encouraging towards their gendered (women). Apart from this, in many parts of the world, including the developed countries, women are paid less when compared to their peers in the male gender. This critical role of women in every field they are in is due to the fact that t hey are capable of multi-tasking i.e. doing more than one job at a time with more care and accuracy which men can hardly do. Background/Context Many believe that nonexistence of gender socialization would not exist at all. The list of top ten worlds most powerful people would contain the name of at least a woman personality constantly through years. Many renowned awards were designed and were won by the women in UAE which indicates the growing awareness about womens role for the society. History says that the role of women have been of utmost importance in the society. As men used to go out doing their jobs in the fishing and pearling industries for months, women used to take care of the needs of family besides raising their children, which cannot be denied to be an easy task in the hot desert weather. But, due to difference in the work done and a few other aspects, women were rarely treated at par with men. (Wilson) Issue Nowadays, with the recognition of women as a key person in the development, this face has changed to completely opposite. Women are making a significant progress towards better participation in events at both national level and also at local levels. A most significant achievement was during the time of elections in 2007 in which 22% of the seats were occupied by women. Presently, nine women among them are the members of the body of 40-members. Also, half of this strength is appointed which gives UAE a far superior degree of representation of women in the legislature than any other nations in the Gulf. Pre-Arguments Women of the Emirates have performed a key role in the modernizations processes through their participation in the womens associations throughout the country. These associations have laid stones to train the women in vocational courses, welfare assistance, placements and also in health care sector. Women of the Emirates are found in significant number in the five detailed economic industries, some details; females make up 20% of the public segment. Women outstandingly hold positions in the Education sector and also in the government with 30% women playing key decision-making roles. Not just in the field of job market, but UAE women also seem to have entered the education sector with the fact that the total enrollment of the female students in the higher education has grown to 40%. Apart from the above discussed facts about women in UAE which portray a growing trend of female empowerment in different aspects, there are areas in which women lag behind men which are to be concentrated upon. The healthy trend observed in education doesnt seem to be visible in the participation of women in the economy which stands at a mere 7%. A study at the global level on entrepreneurs proved that the participation of female entrepreneurs in the economy of UAE is extremely low when compared to men and women in other countries; let it be a startup company or an established firm. The women in UAE comprise of only a mere 4% in the private sector and they are mostly in the private financial companies. The female established industries contain of only 16.2% of the total net GDP in the Non-oil sector. (Women in United Arab Emirates, 2010) If the number of unemployed women is compared to the number of unemployed men, women stand at a higher figure of 71% and men are at 29. Efforts should be done to improve these numbers in order to see complete development in every field. Women also are active in the military establishment. Specially trained women cops would provide security to the female VIPs and also take part in the military activities. Discussion GOVERNMENT INITIATIVESS TO IMPROVE WOMEN EMPOWERMENT: The government of United Arab Emirates has tried to improve the roles played by women in the recent past. This made the UAE a leader for rights of women in the Arabian Countries. Before the discovery of oil in 1960, there were a very less number of opportunities for women in the country outside their home and family. As per the constitution, equality for women on par with men is guaranteed including the areas like legal status, title claims and even in access to the education. The stepping stones for women empowerment were laid by the then President, Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahvans wife Sheikha Fatima bint Mubarak. She was the founder of General Womens Union (GWU) which still stands as a powerful component of State and in participation in the various initiatives of the organization. (Salama, 2008) The leaders of Emirates have keenly tried to promote the complete participation of the women in society activities, aligned with the objectives of optimizing the human resources. Not only did the government take steps to improve the condition of women in the UAE but also, there were associations formed which work autonomously for the improvement of life of women. Not only operating in their circles, but the six existing women associations were joined together to expand their reach to the public more and more and to provide more services to women. The government has launched a new statute of law under which, new laws would be incorporated on issues related to protecting women and also to provide family guidance, divorce issues and compensation, etc. The UAE government has also signed agreements internationally to specific issues related to the women and children welfare. United Arab Emirates was the first country to establish a college for women army recruits among the Gulf countries. The Dubai Women and Children Shelter started by the government to protect women and children from domestic violence the face every day. Under this project, support and emotional care would be provided to the sufferers of abuse and crimes such as human trafficking. The government has launched many projects and awards for women to encourage them and make their role known to everyone. Example can be taken about the Intelaq project which aims at increasing the participation of women in the government departments. Because of these new initiatives, the government has offered women, the jobs that are reserved for men like the appointment of Fatima Saeed Obaid Al Awani as the countrys first female marriage registrar. (Salama, 2008) As a result of all the initiatives and projects, United Arab Emirates was ranked at 29th position among the 177 countries for Gender Empowerment Measures which is the best rating any country in the Arab World has received. Along with this, the Chairperson of the GWU, Sheikha Fatima Bint Mubarak was awarded with the Mohammad Medal, the highest honor given by the UN. (Women in the UAE, 2010) CHALLENGES WOMEN EMPOWERMENT FACES: Even after witnessing such a progress regarding the women empowerment and their participation in different activities related to development of the society, still they face discrimination and there are forces which try to stop this progress of women. The major rejection is from the male folks who cannot see women going ahead of them. Even as UAE has the highest number of women representation in the parliament, there are issues and challenges to be dealt with to completely eradicate the evil against women development. The government has taken appreciable steps and established applauding projects; progress of women is still facing problems in the private sector. The employment representation of women in the private sector is very less when compared to the strength of the male employees. Tradition and culture is another threat to the women development. The cultural and traditional factors impact every aspect related to the society. People with more traditional beliefs perceive that the development of women would trade-off the values and ethics being followed for many centuries and this would halt the progress of women. Women are meant to be good decision makers and can handle multiple tasks at a time where as men cannot. Women are known for their patience, strong analytical skills and dedication towards work which would bring them far ahead of the male employees. This fear of overpower and dominance by a female is a main cause why women cannot progress in the society. (Ioannidis) Harassment of women at the work place is another factor due to which the progress stops at the beginning that is women fear to enter into the male dominated world fearing harassment. Lack of funds and support is another reason why women entrepreneurs cannot do well in the market. Even after having a good idea and plan to start up the business, women can rarely progress in the market due to lack of available funds or due to lack of support from their colleagues. According to a recent research, the progress of a woman can be endangered by another woman if not by a male peer. Women employers rarely encourage their female subordinates to progress fearing dominance by their subordinates at some point and this clearly is another main obstruction to the women empowerment. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS: From the discussion above, it is clearly evidential that the women are progressing in the path of empowerment and also it is made clear that the government has recognized the role of women in improving the society and her family. Women are known for making decisions in the right way at times of stake. The UAE has also been seeing a great amount of progress in this area: The women literacy rate has gone up to 90% in 2007; Increased number of women enrolled for the higher education when compared to men (24% more than men); Every five students have three female children in higher education; Women are 66% consisted in the government sector jobs; Women entering into crucial areas like the military, air force and police are a few important achievements apart from many others made in the UAE towards women empowerment. This process of empowering women is a continuous and never ending path in which every step taken towards attaining women empowerment would certainly earn the country and the s ociety a lot. While the above discussion states that women empowerment is a necessary for development of any country, there are also few factors that bar the progress of women and hence that of the country. Those are to be dealt with utmost focus and attention. The government should try to launch more programs in order to encourage female participation in the arts, culture and other social activities. It is also beneficial if the government provides all kind of monetary or mental support needed for female entrepreneurs which would benefit in attaining more development. Women in UAE are into the fields of army, police and air-force which were perceived as only male oriented areas earlier. This shows that with proper amount of training and guidance, women can perform well even in shop-floor related jobs. Women can be provided coaching in work related issues and also they can be educated regarding the traditions and culture so that the culture which is being followed from centuries would not get affe cted and also there would be development. From all the discussion above, it can be concluded that women are key role players in the development of any economy and an economy which gives a considerable amount of importance to this would definitely see progress towards success and development of the society as a whole. Also, it can be said that with proper care and education methods, the traditions wouldnt get disturbed and so is the progress of a country.

Life of George Eliot aka Mary Ann Evans Essay -- essays research pape

George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans) lived from 1819 to 1880. She was raised in a very traditional family. Her father was a farmer who managed various estates, and he made certain that his daughter was given a very strict Methodist education. She attended a series of boarding schools where she learned that which was typical for a young lady in the early part of the nineteenth century -- subjects such as French, piano, and handwriting. While at these boarding schools, she frequently turned to fiction as a form of amusement, establishing at an early age the foundation upon which her later novels would be based. Despite this traditional upbringing, though, Mary Ann Evans lived an adult life that many considered to be utterly scandalous. In the mid-1840's she began to question seriously the Christian faith in which she was raised, and by the end of the 1840's she had abandoned the church altogether. This questioning of religion may have initiated her literary career, though, her translation of Das Leben Jesu, a controversial inquiry into the tenets of Christianity, gained her some notice in L...

Online education Essay

The tremendous growth in technology has changed our lives in many aspects. One of these aspects is online education, also called electronic learning. Online education originated from distance education, for those students, which plan to acquire knowledge through Internet. Today, there are so many universities that impart knowledge through online platforms. One good example of such platform is blackboard learning commonly known as bbvista, used in Drexel University. Students have a stereotypical image that traditional courses are better than online courses, but that’s not true. This image is quite impractical in this technology era. Online education opens new horizons for students to apply even in the universities that are far from their place. The students don’t have to drive to the school to attend a lecture and rather watch the slides online and do the required assignment for that topic. But there’s one drawback in this type of learning is that the student is missing valuable words of lecturer. The words of the lecturer is the extra knowledge that only those students can gain which are attending the lecture. The flexibility of online courses enables students to take their lessons whenever and wherever they want. Especially in Drexel University that has co-op system, the students can take online courses while they are on their co-op, from any part of the world. Another advantage of online course is that the assignments are open for a certain period of time, so the student has plenty of time to complete the assignment and submit it by just one click on the computer. Drexel University is one of the best examples that impart knowledge in good proportions of online education and traditional in-classroom education. They uses online platform Blackboard Vista to post syllabus of the course, lectures, homework, and grades. As we are in the generation of modern people, they also want technology to be a key part of their education. Another feature of Drexel is their library. In my opinion, Drexel’s library is no less than GOOGLE. It is a great source of books, articles, journals, and encyclopedias. Technology is one of the key features of Drexel. Gilbert said, â€Å"A Course is not a Pizza†. I believe course is very similar to pizza. Why do people order pizza for delivery? To save time of going there and eating. One of the main purposes of online courses is to save time only. Traditional classrooms are like going and eating the pizza in the restaurant itself. Does the taste of the pizza changes if we are eating it in restaurant or at home? Yes, at restaurant the pizza is hot and fresh whereas at home pizza might be cold, but we can reheat the pizza. The point is face-to-face interaction we get fresh knowledge means easy to understand whereas; in online education we have to make an extra effort to grab the knowledge that is like making an extra effort of reheating the pizza. An article in ‘The Chronicle of Higher Education’ by Jeffrey R. Young refers to an example that an educator can deliver his teachings without even going to any school or university. One such educator is Salman Khan who delivered his lectures from a bedroom closet. He made short videos of his lectures and posted on youtube. The videos weren’t like typical classroom lectures; rather the lectures were short, low-tech and bad drawings of Mr. Khan. But, these videos were helpful to some students and those students even donated few bucks via paypal. Mr. Khan named his collection of videos as †Khan Academy† and the subject that he can’t teach; he gives a crash course and prepares himself to teach other. Today, in the contemporary world so many parents can’t even afford education of their children. At this point these free videos can make lives of their children, as something is better than nothing. Even, Mr. Khan’s biggest goal was to deliver things the way he wished. In this way technology benefitted the educator as well as the students. Moreover, Online education improves communication and interaction between the instructor and the students. Communication technologies, such as E-mail have been a great benefit for especially shy students that are reluctant to ask question directly face-to-face with the instructor. So, students feel confident while expressing their feeling in writing rather than orally expressing them. Also, online education eliminates problem of time-delayed communication. For Example, the instructor poses a question, the student responds to it, and finally the instructor comments on it and grade it. So, the conversation ends here, student gets his grade and comment on his work, and finally the students are off to new topic. This technology era of smartphones and laptops has invaded our life and changed the way we think, live, communicate and learn. One of these changes is online education that was changed from time to time to improve the quality of education. Transitions are the part of nature. Today, sitting in a small room bounded by four walls and trying to gain knowledge seems old school. It doesn’t matter whether a course is taught in the classroom or online, what matters is, how the course is set up and taught by the instructor. So, any method of delivering knowledge can be successful, it’s just, how we acquire it.

Into the Wild Paper

Mehakpal Grewal Professor King Work, Leisure, & Play April 13, 2011 How Krakauer Balances his Bias? Jon Krakauer's non-fiction novel  Into the Wild  explores the mystery surrounding Christopher McCandless and his life before he inevitably ran off  into the heart of the Alaskan wilderness in an attempt to discover himself in some manner. In order to tell this story as accurately as possible, Krakauer uses a variety of techniques to give different perspectives to Chris’ life.The most prominent decision Krakauer makes though is in regards to his decision to try include or exclude himself and his views from the text. When telling Chris’ story, Krakauer takes an almost fully unbiased approach, and yet when he does present his biased empathy towards McCandless, he has full knowledge, and makes the reader fully aware. So, whether the reader ends up feeling empathetic towards McCandless or finds him rather selfish in dependent on how much they connect with him through his story.Because Krakaeur is able to portray McCandless’ life with such finesse and accuracy, including his faults, while incorporating his own personal observations and similar life experiences, he ultimately lets the reader make up their own mind in regards to how they should feel toward him. In order to truly understand Chris’ story to the smallest detail, Krakauer put a great amount of effort into retracing his past up until his death.As he states, â€Å"I spent more than a year retracing the convoluted path that led to his death in the Alaska taiga, chasing down details of his peregrinations with an interest that bordered an obsession† (Author’s Note 2). Even before the start of the novel, Krakauer points out that he followed Chris’ life like an â€Å"obsession† and became very attached to his story. Krakauer recognizes that his obsession or â€Å"bias† to the Chris will reveal itself throughout the story but makes a key decision i n letting the reader know that he doesn’t â€Å"claim to be an impartial biographer† but does try to â€Å"minimize his authorial presence† (AN 2).Krakauer, like most authors, has some type of bias. In his case, it would be even worse because of how close he got to Chris’ life and his emotional connection to the story. Despite this, Krakauer has already made it clear that his bias is there and his â€Å"convictions will be apparent† in order to â€Å"leave it to the reader to form his or her own opinion of Chris McCandless† (AN 3). So, while he may show empathy toward Chris throughout the novel, he gives enough perspective on Chris’ life for the reader to make their own decision.Throughout the novel, Krakauer manages to show us a character, Chris McCandless, who can be seen in a positive or negative light depending on how you connect to his story. Krakauer points out how McCandless â€Å"took life’s inequities to heart† (p. 113). He mentions how â€Å"Chris didn’t understand how people could possibly be allowed to go hungry, especially in this country† and on one occasion â€Å"Chris picked up a homeless man†¦ brought him home†¦ and set the guy up in the Airstream trailer his parents parked beside the garage† (p. 113).It is apparent here that Krakauer is painting McCandless in a positive light and possibly showing his bias in mentioning such minor details of his life. He also alludes to how Chris spoke out against the racial oppression of apartheid in South Africa and how Chris â€Å"believed that wealth was shameful, corrupting and inherently evil† (p. 115). However, he claims his view on wealth is hypocritical or ironic because he mentions how Billie, Chris’ mom, claimed â€Å"Chris was a natural-born capitalist with an uncanny knack for making a buck.Chris was always an entrepreneur† (p. 115). He describes in detail how he grew vegetables to se ll door to door when he was eight and started a neighborhood copy business when was twelve. Here, Krakauer is showing Chris’ hypocritical nature that has stayed with him throughout the years. Krakauer continues to show McCandless in a more negative light throughout the book. During Chris’ senior year at Emory, he â€Å"seldom contacted his parents and this caused Walt and Billie [to] grow increasingly worried about their son’s emotional distance† (p. 124).He furthers this by describing how Chris’ parents sent a letter saying† You have completely dropped away from all who love and care about you. Whatever it is—whoever you’re with—do you think this is right? † (p. 124). According to Krakauer, Chris saw this â€Å"as meddling and referred to the letter as stupid when talked to Carine† (p. 124). At this point, Krakauer is clearly pointing out Chris’ flaws and how he seemingly didn’t enough about hi s family to bother contacting them for long periods of time. He builds upon this when mentioning how Chris went on trans-continental journeys through he Mojave Desert and various places multiple times without saying a word. He even goes as far as to describe how in July 1992, 2 years after Chris left Atlanta, his mother awoke one night with tears rolling down her cheeks screaming, â€Å"I don’t know how I’ll ever get over it. I wasn’t dreaming. I didn’t imagine it. I heard his voice! He was begging, ‘Mom! Help me! ’† (p. 126). Krakauer could have deliberately left out such disheartening details that portrayed Chris in a negative manner, as someone who would make his mother suffer in such a way, but he included them in order to give the reader as much perspective on Chris as possible.In chapters eight and nine, Krakauer interrupts Chris’ story to tell a few strikingly similar stories of journeys into the wilderness. Through these chapters, he doesn’t characterize McCandless in a completely positive or negative light. While describing the story of Everett Ruess, who disappeared while in a remote area of Utah, he points out that Ruess, like Chris, â€Å"was a loner but he liked people too  Ã‚  damn much to stay down there and live in secret the rest of his life. A lot of us are like that –I’m like that† (p. 96).So while drawing parallels to Chris’ story and personality, he describes Chris as a loner but is quick to point out that many people including him are like that. While most of us would consider loners as outcasts from society and see them in a negative light, Krakauer’s personal comments leave us feeling some empathy toward him as an individual. Here, Krakauer shows a balance between his own feelings and looking at Chris through completely unbiased eyes. Through chapters fourteen and fifteen, Krakauer diverges from Chris’ story once again when makes a comparison of his own journey into the wilderness to that of Chris’.One would expect a very evident bias in these chapters that would show Chris in an overwhelmingly positive light but that is not the case. Although, Krakauer creates a parallel between his journey through Devils Thumb and Chris’ journey into the Alaskan wilderness, he is simply trying to give a different perspective to McCandless’ story. He mentions this is his notes when he claims he does this† in the hope that my experiences will throw some oblique light on the enigma of Chris McCandless† (AN 2).His point is made clear when he ends his personal account of his near death experience by proposing, â€Å"In my case—and I believe, in the case of Chris McCandless—that was very different thing from wanting to die†(p. 156). So while some may argue Krakauer may be showing some sympathy toward Chris, this is only because his story struck a â€Å"personal note† in him (AN 2). Regardless of this, Krakauer’s willingness to show Chris’ faults in a similar manner balance out Krakauer’s moments of including himself and his bias within the story.So, whether you end up liking McCandless to some sort of â€Å"hero† or find him rather selfish and irritating depends on how much you end up connecting with his story. Regardless of how you feel in the end, it is difficult to deny validity and effort Krakauer puts into this novel. He takes a mostly unbiased approach when telling McCandless’ story and even when the bias slips by, he makes it fully known to the reader. Krakauer might have a personal bias toward Chris but in capturing his story, he was able to keep a balance between showing Chris in a positive or negative light.Krakauer recognized â€Å"McCandless came into the country with insufficient provisions, that he tried to live entirely off the country†¦without bothering to master†¦crucial skills† b ut he like Roman, can’t help identifying with the guy† (p. 180, 181-82, 185). Despite â€Å"identifying† with Chris throughout the novel, Krakauer ultimately allows the reader to make their own decision in regards to Chris and the decisions he made leading up to his death. Works Cited Krakauer, Jon. Into the Wild. New York: Anchor, 1996. Print.